Lawmakers Warn Digital Trade Rules Will Shape U.S. AI Leadership

WASHINGTON, Jan. 14, 2026 – As artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and digital services increasingly rely on fiber networks and data centers, lawmakers warned Tuesday that U.S. technology leadership is being challenged by foreign trade barriers and weakening intellectual property protections.

At a House Ways and Means Committee hearing on “Maintaining American Innovation and Technology Leadership,” lawmakers and industry experts cautioned that foreign regulations, including digital services taxes, data localization mandates, and weakened patent enforcement, threaten the fiber and cloud infrastructure that supports U.S. dominance in AI, broadband-enabled services, and advanced manufacturing.

Members described broadband infrastructure as the backbone of U.S. digital exports. Rep. Adrian Smith, R-Neb., said digital services now represent one of the nation’s strongest trade advantages, moving “through fiber and data centers rather than ports and containers.”